Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia of the mandibular lingual mucosa

In 1923, Masson1 described an unusual papillary endothelial proliferation that he named as "hemangioendotheliome vegetant intravasculaire". In 1976, Clearkin and Enzinger2 coined the term intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) that is now in use. This term refers to the presence of endothelium lined papillary projections within a vascular space. Characteristically, the papillary structures are composed of a single layer of swollen or plump endothelial cells without cellular pleomorphism, mitotic activity or necrosis.     

针刺对小鼠实验性前列腺增生的防治作用

目的：探讨针刺治疗前列腺增生症的作用机理。方法：采用丙酸睾丸素皮下注射造成小鼠前列腺增生模型，通过针刺白环俞、会阴旁、委阳和三阴交穴，观察针刺对前列腺湿重、组织形态、血清睾丸酮、雌二醇、酸性磷酸酶含量的影响。结果：针刺对丙酸睾丸素引起的小鼠前列腺增生有显著的抑制作用，可使增生的前列腺重量明显减轻，腺上皮细胞增生明显减少，并能降低血清睾丸酮含量，抑制酸性磷酸酶活性，升高雌二醇含量。结论：针刺治疗前列腺增生症的作用机理与降低血清睾丸酮含量，升高雌二醇含量，抑制酸性磷酸酶的活性有关。     

慢性细菌性前列腺炎病原学调查及药敏分析

对１３８例慢性细菌性前列腺炎患者的前列腺液进行细菌培养，其中１０７例培养阳性，分离出１０种１０７株病原菌。结果表明：革兰氏阳性球菌比例最大占６７．３％，其中金黄色葡萄球菌占４４．９％、居第１位，肠球菌占１４％居第２位。革兰氏阴性杆菌以大肠埃希氏菌（１１．２％）和肺炎克雷伯氏菌（７．５％）分离率最高。此外，淋球菌（４．７％）和白色念珠菌（３．７％）均有检出。对１０３株细菌用８种常用抗菌药物作体外药物敏感试验，发现细菌对氟啶酸敏感率最高，其次为氟哌酸和先锋５号，而壮观霉素对淋球菌抑菌力最强。     

选择性α1a受体阻断剂治疗前列腺增生症

１９９５年６～１１月应用选择性α_１受体阻断剂Ｔｅｒａｚｏｓｉｎ和超选择性α_（１ａ）受体阻断剂Ｔａｍｓｕｌｏｓｉｎ治疗前列腺增生症２１２例。结果表明，在ＩＰＳＳ评分、尿流率改善等方面，Ｔａｍｓｕｌｏｓｉｎ优于Ｔｅｒａｚｏｓｉｎ，而且在头晕、直立性低血压等副作用发生率方面Ｔａｍｓｕｌｏｓｉｎ明显低于Ｔｅｒａｚｏｓｉｎ。认为在前列腺增生症药物治疗方面，超选择性α_（１ａ）受体阻断剂Ｔａｍｓｕｌｏｓｉｎ有广泛的应用前景。     

Bladder Dysfunction in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Relevance of Cystometry as Prognostic Indicator of the Outcome after Prostatectomy

Background: We correlated cystometric findings to the clinical features of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and compared them in terms of outcome after prostatectomy.
Methods: Cystometric findings obtained from 78 patients who underwent prostatectomy were correlated with clinical features in BPH patients. In 41 consecutive patients of this group, prospective periodical cystometry was also performed.
Results: Low bladder compliance correlated significantly with an increase in age and prostate volume, detrusor instability and impaired contractility. Low compliance also correlated with irritative symptoms, decreased maximum flow rate, increased post-void residual urine and an increase in the American Urological Association symptom score. Postoperative persistent incontinence was associated with low bladder compliance and detrusor instability. In a prospective study, bladder dysfunction was not completely restored in 53% of patients examined at a mean interval of 7.7 months after prostatectomy.
Conclusions: Among the cystometric parameters investigated, low compliance was the most relevant to the clinical features of BPH and had some predictive value for the outcome after prostatectomy. In about half of the BPH patients with bladder dysfunction preoperatively, this condition was irreversible for a significant period of time after prostatectomy, in spite of surgical relief of the infravesical obstruction.     

Acid phosphatase-producing androgen-independent subline of rat prostatic adenocarcinoma (Dunning R3327 tumor) in cell culture

Establishment of a cell line derived from the androgen-independent subline of rat prostatic adenocarcinoma (Dunning R3327 tumor) is reported. Cells of this line produced acid phosphatase. When the cultured cells were transplanted to Copenhagen rats, solid tumors were formed. Histologically, the tumor consisted of spindle-shaped, large and bizarre polygonal cells; this feature was almost identical to that of the original tumor. Chromosomes were in the triploid range with seven frequently appearing marker chromosomes.     

Stem cells in prostatic epithelia

The normal prostate is, structurally and functionally, a highly complex glandular tissue in which populations of epithelial and stromal cells interact, one with the other, and are under a constant state of proliferation, differentiation, elimination and selective secondary replenishment so that functional integrity of the tissue is maintained. The ability of normal prostatic tissue to maintain its structure and function is dependent upon retention of cells, generally regarded as 'stem cells', which are able to respond by proliferation and selective differentiation within a wide range of phenotypic alternatives. With respect to cells in the epithelial compartment, replenishment is possible at several levels from within distinct pathways of normal cellular differentiation. It is now appreciated that fully differentiated prostatic epithelial cells retain a far greater degree of phenotypic 'plasticity' than was earlier apparent from morphological examination of the intact tissue. This inherent plasticity, coupled with the ability of the intact tissue to respond to diverse environmental (particularly humoral) stimuli by regenerating a wide and divergent spectrum of functional prostatic epithelial phenotypes is its strength — but also its weakness. Disturbance and distortion of the homeostatic regulatory mechanisms, whether physical or humoral, which control the normal sequence of epithelial proliferation, differentiation and elimination exposes these cells, particularly multipotent 'stem cells', to an increased probability of genetic change, thus resulting in either transient, or permanent, neoplastic transformation.     

The potential use of CO2-laser ginagivectomy for phenytoin-induced gingival hyperplasia in mentally retarded patients

Abstract Patients with hyperplastic states of the gingiva, i.e., phenytoin hyperplasia, nifedipine hyperplasia. cyclosporin hyperplasia, gingival fibromatosis and others may be treated by laser gingivectomy as no bone surgery is involved in these cases. Patients who are mentally retarded may represent special care problems postoperatively after conventional surgical gingivectomy i.e., unintentional removal of surgical dressing, postoperative bleeding etc. Therefore, the potential use of CO₂-laser gingivectomy for mentally retarded persons was evaluated in a prospective study comprising 15 patients with fenytoin hyperplasia of the gingiva. No intra- or postoperative bleeding occurred and no surgical dressing was applied. The majority of the patients did not need any analgesics postoperatively. Healing was uncomplicated and the time needed for healing was of the same order of magnitude as after surgical gingivectomy.